As the U.S. approaches the 2024 presidential election, a new report from the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) warns of significant global consequences.

The report outlines how both a Harris or Trump presidency could shift U.S. foreign policy, impacting everything from relations with China and Russia to key alliances in Europe and Asia. Nations worldwide are watching closely, bracing for possible disruptions.

Victor Cha, the report’s lead editor, calls this election a critical moment for global stability. Countries are waiting to see if the U.S. will remain a global leader or retreat from its international commitments.

Harris is expected to continue Biden’s multilateral approach, while Trump may take a more transactional stance, focusing on direct deals with allies and adversaries alike.

The stakes are especially high in Asia, with tensions rising between the U.S. and China. The report suggests Harris would strengthen alliances with Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, reinforcing regional defence.

However, Trump might push these allies to contribute more financially to U.S. military support, potentially straining partnerships at a time when regional stability is critical.

European countries, mainly NATO members, are also concerned about what the U.S. election will mean for their security.

Harris is expected to double down on NATO commitments, ensuring strong coordination against Russia’s aggression in Ukraine. On the other hand, Trump might renew his skepticism of NATO, demanding more defence spending from European nations or even reducing U.S. involvement in the alliance.

Migration and Venezuela’s instability remain critical concerns for U.S. foreign policy in Latin America.

Harris would likely continue to focus on diplomatic efforts and economic development, while Trump may revert to strict immigration policies and use tariffs to pressure Mexico. This could lead to renewed tensions in U.S.-Mexico relations, impacting trade and cooperation.

Africa, particularly the Sahel and Congo regions, is emerging as a geopolitical battleground between global powers.

Harris is expected to engage diplomatically to stabilize these areas, while Trump may reduce U.S. involvement, potentially creating opportunities for China and Russia to expand their influence. This shift could have significant long-term effects on U.S. interests in the region.

Both candidates will face ongoing challenges in the Middle East, particularly concerning Iran’s nuclear ambitions and regional conflicts. Harris would likely continue with multilateral diplomacy and pressure on Iran, while Trump might reduce U.S. involvement in the region. This could embolden adversaries like Iran, leading to greater instability in the Middle East.

Climate change is another area where the two candidates are expected to differ significantly.

Harris would push for global climate commitments and green energy initiatives, while Trump could roll back environmental regulations, as he did during his first term. Both candidates must manage global supply chain challenges, particularly in critical sectors like semiconductors and technology.

The CSIS report underscores that the 2024 U.S. election will have far-reaching global consequences. Allies are hoping for stability and continuity, while rivals may test the resolve of the next administration.

Whether Harris or Trump is in the White House, the world is watching, knowing that this election will shape not just U.S. policy but the global order for years to come.